There is no perfect filter that does this. The closest thing I can think of is the ItemsFilterData with the Recursive property to True. However, this will simply get all the items in a given Publication/Folder/SG recursively through all nested subitems.
I think in your case you will need to get the ID of your level 1 Component, fetch that Component, get the ID of the next level and so on. Basically drill down until you get to the Component that's on a Page.
